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Image Actualités du marché - 18 septembre 2026

Actualités du marché - 18 septembre 2026

Timer2 min de lecture

  • Données

Les perspectives pour la crypto se sont assombries au cours de la semaine écoulée, deux vents contraires limitant désormais la perspective d'une cassure significative du prix du bitcoin, à savoir le revers subi par le CLARITY Act et une Réserve fédérale plus restrictive. Aucun des deux ne remet en cause la thèse de long terme, mais tous deux repoussent le calendrier d'une reprise plus durable.

Le dernier message de la Fed a été résolument restrictif. L'inflation demeure trop élevée et les progrès vers l'objectif de 2 % restent insuffisants, tandis que les responsables politiques continuent de caractériser l'économie et le marché de l'emploi comme relativement solides. La surprise la plus importante n'a pas été la hausse de taux elle-même, déjà attendue, mais la suppression de l'assouplissement anticipé jusqu'en 2027 dans le dot plot. Cela soutient le dollar et les rendements courts, et retarde le retour des conditions de liquidité auxquelles le bitcoin réagit habituellement de façon positive. L'Iran continuant de contribuer matériellement à l'inflation via la hausse des prix de l'énergie, une nouvelle hausse de taux plus tard cette année paraît désormais de plus en plus plausible.

Cela crée une configuration difficile pour le bitcoin d'ici la fin de l'année. Selon nous, une cassure décisive au-dessus de 80 000 USD est peu probable, sauf amélioration significative des perspectives d'inflation ou changement notable des anticipations de politique monétaire. Le conflit iranien reste central à cet égard. Sans résolution, les prix du pétrole devraient continuer d'exercer une pression inflationniste, laissant à la Fed peu d'incitation à assouplir sa position. Le bitcoin se retrouve ainsi confronté à un contexte de liquidité défavorable, alors même que sa thèse monétaire de long terme demeure intacte.

Le CLARITY Act a lui aussi subi un revers important. Le principal point de blocage reste le volet éthique, avec des préoccupations des deux côtés concernant les dispositions relatives aux responsables politiques et à leur capacité à tirer profit de projets liés à la crypto. Nous ne partageons pas l'idée selon laquelle un échec cette année signifierait la disparition du texte jusqu'en 2030. La loi conserve une pertinence bipartisane car elle demeure essentielle pour les stablecoins, et les émetteurs de stablecoins deviennent des acheteurs marginaux de plus en plus importants de la dette publique américaine, à un moment où les rendements des Treasuries restent élevés. Une version révisée pourrait donc revenir assez rapidement, potentiellement dès le début de l'année prochaine.

L'impact est également inégal au sein de la crypto. Le bitcoin est relativement protégé, son statut réglementaire étant déjà plus clair. L'ethereum et les autres altcoins sont davantage exposés, en particulier parce qu'une grande partie de l'infrastructure de paiement en stablecoins repose sur Ethereum et des réseaux similaires. L'impossibilité de distribuer du rendement réduit par ailleurs l'attrait commercial pour les banques et autres institutions financières, l'une des raisons pour lesquelles ce sujet a suscité une résistance aussi forte de la part de la finance traditionnelle.

Le point positif demeure le marché obligataire américain. Les rendements des Treasuries sont déjà historiquement élevés, et les tentatives du Trésor de faire baisser les rendements longs via des rachats limités n'ont eu jusqu'ici que peu d'impact. Si l'incertitude politique s'accentue et que les rendements progressent encore, la pression pourrait s'intensifier en faveur d'une réponse politique bien plus musclée. Cela créerait un arbitrage inconfortable pour les décideurs : des taux plus élevés risquent d'aggraver le fardeau de la dette publique, tandis qu'une intervention agressive risque d'ajouter une pression inflationniste supplémentaire. Dans un scénario extrême, une réponse de liquidité plus musclée de la part des autorités pourrait devenir un catalyseur puissant à la fois pour l'or et pour le bitcoin. Nous continuons de considérer cela comme un risque extrême plutôt que comme le scénario central, mais il s'agit de l'une des voies les plus claires vers une cassure haussière significative.

Pour l'heure, le tableau reste relativement atone. Une politique monétaire restrictive et le report du CLARITY Act plaident tous deux contre une cassure majeure à court terme, la pression la plus forte devant continuer de peser sur les altcoins. Le contexte réglementaire et monétaire de long terme demeure constructif, mais le calendrier s'est clairement décalé plus loin dans le temps.

Publié leSept 18th, 2026

Écrivain
Ancien Directeur de la Recherche chez ETF Securities, James dirige le département Recherche de CoinShares avec une solide expertise en actions et en gestion de fonds.