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Image Zcash NU7 : des paiements privés plus rapides

Zcash NU7 : des paiements privés plus rapides

Timer3 min de lecture

Zcash a activé sa mise à niveau NU7 au bloc 3 543 405, à 02 h 34 UTC le 6 novembre. Le principal changement concerne le temps de bloc : le délai d'attente prévu pour une première confirmation passe de 75 à 25 secondes une fois la difficulté stabilisée à son niveau cible. Une plateforme d'échange qui conserve l'exigence habituelle de 3 confirmations verrait son délai d'attente on-chain prévu passer d'environ 3 min 45 à quelque 75 secondes.

Il s'agit d'une étape importante, car Zcash s'attaque à l'un de ses principaux goulets d'étranglement, qui n'est pas la confidentialité mais la friction. Les transactions protégées masquent l'expéditeur, le destinataire et le montant, comme nous l'avons analysé en détail, mais elles étaient lentes à confirmer et coûteuses à repérer pour les portefeuilles. NU7 répond directement à ces deux problèmes.

NU7 limite aussi l'activité protégée dans chaque bloc, ce qui ramène la quantité maximale de données que les portefeuilles légers doivent télécharger chaque jour de 271 Mo à 169 Mo. Mais comme les blocs arrivent trois fois plus souvent, la capacité estimée pour les paiements privés standard fait tout de même plus que doubler, passant de 2,9 à 6,6 transactions par seconde.

Au cours des deux heures et demie suivant l'activation, les blocs sont arrivés en moyenne toutes les 39 secondes, le temps que la difficulté de minage s'ajuste au rythme plus rapide. Par ailleurs, l'équipe de Zakura a testé des blocs pleins de 2 Mo sur 80 nœuds répartis dans 11 régions. Des blocs plus rapides ont entraîné davantage de concurrence entre mineurs produisant des blocs à des moments proches, la part de blocs rejetés par le réseau passant de 1,57 % à 3,43 %. Cela semble un compromis plutôt raisonnable pour des paiements plus rapides.

NU 7 overviewSource : ZIP 259

Le retrait de Sprout et le financement de la sécurité future

NU7 retire Sprout, le pool protégé d'origine de Zcash, en gelant environ 12 224 ZEC, soit moins de 0,1 % de l'offre. Les détenteurs ont approuvé ce retrait, le pool étant devenu un risque de sécurité. Sean Bowe a esquissé une piste pour récupérer ces fonds lors d'une future mise à niveau, mais rien n'a été approuvé.

La modification des frais redirige 60 % des frais de transaction vers une réserve destinée aux futures récompenses de minage. Ces fonds sortent dès maintenant de la circulation et commenceront à y revenir via les récompenses de bloc vers février 2031. Le plafond de 21 millions et le calendrier des halvings restent strictement inchangés. Les contributions issues des frais sont modestes aujourd'hui, mais la proposition distincte de Bowe visant à rediriger les 8 % de l'émission alloués à Zcash Community Grants ajouterait environ 144 ZEC par jour, offrant un financement nettement plus important pour la sécurité future du réseau. Aucun calendrier de mise en œuvre n'a été fixé.

Il sera important de voir si des confirmations plus rapides se traduisent par une utilisation accrue de Zcash pour les paiements privés.

Sources : ZIP 218, ZIP 259, ZecStats